USS Ohio (BB-12) and the Great White Fleet

USS Ohio (BB-12) was a Maine-class battleship that served with the US Navy from 1904 to 1922. The first warship named for the state since the ship-of-the-line USS Ohio that had been launched in 1820, the new battleship represented an improved version of the earlier Illinois-class. Built in San Francisco, Ohio joined the fleet and saw immediate service in the Far East. Transferring to the Atlantic in 1907, it joined the Great White Fleet for its cruise around the world. Ohio was modernized in 1909 and later supported American operations in Mexico. Though briefly decommissioned, it returned to active duty with the US entry into  World War I. Fulfilling a training role during the conflict, Ohio was placed in reserve in 1919 before being removed from the fleet three years later.   Design Approved on May 4, 1898, the Maine-class of battleship was meant to be an evolution of USS Iowa (BB-4) which entered service in June 1897 as well as the more recent Illinois-class. As such, the new battleships were to be of a sea-going design rather than the coastal configuration used in the Indiana- and Kearsarge-classes. Initially designed to mount four 13/35 cal. guns in two twin turrets, the design of the new class changed under the guidance of Rear Admiral George W. Melville and more powerful 12/40 cal. guns were selected instead. This main battery was supported by sixteen 6 guns, six 3 guns, eight 3-pdr guns, and six 1-pdr guns. While the first designs called for using Krupp Cemented armor, the US Navy later decided to utilize Harvey armor which had been employed on earlier battleships. Construction Designated USS Maine (BB-10), the lead ship of the class became the first to carry the name since the armored cruiser whose loss helped incite the Spanish-American War. This was followed by USS Ohio (BB-12) which was laid down on April 22, 1899 at Union Iron Works in San Francisco. Ohio was the only member of the Maine-class to be built on the West Coast. On May 18, 1901, Ohio slid down the ways with Helen Deschler, a relative of Ohio Governor George K. Nash, acting as sponsor. In addition, the ceremony was attended by President William McKinley. Over three years later, on October 4, 1904, the battleship entered commission with Captain Leavitt C. Logan in command. USS Ohio (BB-12) - Overview: Nation: United StatesType: BattleshipShipyard: Union Iron WorksLaid Down: April 22, 1899Launched: May 18, 1901Commissioned: October 4, 1904Fate: Sold for scrap, 1923 Specifications Displacement: 12,723 tonsLength: 393 ft., 10 in.Beam: 72 ft., 3 in.Draft: 23 ft., 10 in.Speed: 18 knotsComplement: 561 men Armament 4 Ãâ€" 12 in. guns16 Ãâ€" 6 in. guns6 Ãâ€" 3 in. guns8 Ãâ€" 3-pounder guns6 Ãâ€" 1-pounder guns2 Ãâ€" .30 in machine guns2 Ãâ€" 18 in. torpedo tubes Early Career As the United States newest battleship in the Pacific, Ohio received orders to steam west to serve as flagship of the Asiatic Fleet. Departing San Francisco on April 1, 1905, the battleship carried Secretary of War William H. Taft and Alice Roosevelt, daughter of President Theodore Roosevelt, on an inspection tour of the Far East. Completing this duty, Ohio remained in the region and operated off Japan, China, and the Philippines. Among the ships crew at this time was Midshipman Chester W. Nimitz who would later lead the US Pacific Fleet to victory over Japan in World War II. With the end of its tour of duty in 1907, Ohio returned to the United States and transferred to the East Coast. Great White Fleet In 1906, Roosevelt became increasingly worried regarding the US Navys lack of strength in the Pacific due to the growing threat posed by the Japanese. To impress upon Japan that the United States could move its main battle fleet to the Pacific with ease, he began planning a world cruise of the nations battleships. Dubbed the Great White Fleet, Ohio, commanded by Captain Charles Bartlett, was assigned to the forces Third Division, Second Squadron. This group also contained its sister ships Maine and Missouri. Departing Hampton Roads on December 16, 1907, the fleet turned south making port calls in Brazil before passing through the Straits of Magellan. Moving north, the fleet, led by Rear Admiral Robley D. Evans, reached San Diego on April 14, 1908. Briefly pausing in California, Ohio and the rest of the fleet then crossed the Pacific to Hawaii before reaching New Zealand and Australia in August. After taking part in elaborate and festive visits, the fleet cruised north to the Philippines, Japan, and China. Completing port calls in these nations, the American fleet transited the Indian Ocean before passing through the Suez Canal and entering the Mediterranean. Here the fleet parted to show the flag in several ports. Steaming west, Ohio made visits to ports in the Mediterranean before the fleet regrouped at Gibraltar. Crossing the Atlantic, the fleet arrived at Hampton Roads on February 22 where it was inspected by Roosevelt. With the conclusion of its world cruise, Ohio entered the yard at New York for a refit and received a new coat of gray paint as well as had a new cage mast installed. Later Career Remaining at New York, Ohio spent much of the next four years training members of the New York Naval Militia as well as conducting occasional operation with the Atlantic Fleet. During this period it received a second cage mast as well as other modern equipment. Though obsolete, Ohio continued to fulfill secondary functions and in 1914 helped support the US occupation of Veracruz. That summer the battleship embarked midshipmen from the US Naval Academy for a training cruise before being deactivated at Philadelphia Navy Yard that fall. Each of the next two summers Ohio reentered commission for training operations involving the Academy. With the US entry into World War I in April 1917, Ohio was re-commissioned. Ordered to Norfolk following its re-commissioning on April 24, the battleship spent the war training sailors in and around the Chesapeake Bay. With the conflicts conclusion, Ohio steamed north to Philadelphia where it was placed in reserve on January 7, 1919. Decommissioned on May 31, 1922, it was sold for scrap the following March in compliance with the Washington Naval Treaty.

Ray Eddy s The United States - 948 Words

Ray Eddy is a discount store worker and is the mother of two sons, struggling to raise them with her meager incomes. Just before Christmas, her husband who is a chronic gambler, disappeared with the deposit for a new home Ray was laying by. While looking for him, she encounters Lila Littlewolf, a Mohawk single mother who is driving his car, which she asserts that she found it being abandoned. Because of their poverty-stricken circumstances, they eventually make alliance to smuggle illegal immigrants from Canada to the United States. On the day of Christmas night, when they smuggle a Pakistani couple, they leave the bag on the frozen river, which they thought that the bag contains explosive material. However, discovering that the bag†¦show more content†¦Lila reclaims her child from her mother-in-law and leaves the reservation. Ray makes a phone call to her child to explain her situation and tell him that Lila will be there to take care of her children. Police promise that, as a white woman with no criminal record, Ray will be freed from jail in several months as long as she cooperates. Lila arrives at Ray’s house and sees Ray s children playing. Structure The structure of this film is conventional because the story is told in a chronological order, which makes the film realistic. A series of incidents that happen during their river crossings show Ray and Lila’s terrors and desires, and the more they notice these emotions, the more they gain self-revelation through the jobs. The script ends with character’s personal transformations as Ria and Lila decide to go against their character. Ray and Lila’s actions and decisions result from their transformations through the sequence of the script. However, the film’s resolution is inconclusive. The script begins with Ray searching for her run-away husband, and yet by the end of the script, audiences are unsure what happened to the husband. Character Although Ray and Lila are racially different, both are single mothers struggling to live with mere wages. When their economic necessity meets, they get involved in immigrant’s border crossing so as to survive in urban poverty. Throughout the

Marriage Is The Most Neglect Form Of Abuse Against Women

Jessica Cenatus ANT 2301 Professor Cervone 15 April 2015 Marital Rape Marriage is rape is the most neglect form of abuse against women. It has been stated that marital is motivated by laws,the reportings, and gender inequality . History: Marital rape and the foundation of exemption has dated back to the 1700’s, where the first documented legal statement of marital rape occurred in 1736. Sir Matthew Hale, who at the time was the chief justice of England published a statement stating that a husband cannot be persecuted for raping his wife. But the husband cannot be guilty of a rape committed by himself upon his lawful wife, for by their mutual matrimonial consent and contract the wife hath given up herself in this kind unto the†¦show more content†¦Through the years Acts and laws have been passed to help women gain equality, protection, and rights but no immediate change affected the legality of marital rape. Until the 1970’s in the United States, memeber of acts and movements fought to criminalize marital rape. On July 5,1993, marital rape became a crime in all 50 states in at least one section of the sexual offense codes. Like the domino effect, the laws begin to gain national attention ac ross the world and countries begin to considered passing laws in their country. Although majority of the legal reforms have helped victims report and seek legal help, marital rape is still not handled as serious as other forms of rape. Societal acceptance of the traditional sex-role stereotypes has resulted in maintaining the view that marital rape is not considered a serious crime.Traditionally, a woman’s role in marriage is the caregiver, to stay at home, take care of the home and husband, cook, etc. The male held the dominant role in the house in the marriage, sohe is in charge of all decisions. if things were not done in a way the husband wanted physical and sexual punishment would take place. There are many factors that contribute to the cultural bias( that marital rape is less serious, and the victim is more to blame than in cases of stranger

Playboy of the Western World Free Essays

The Playboy of the Western World gains its title from the scene in which Christy can’t be beaten in play at any of the village sports, hence he becomes the â€Å"playboy. † The phrase â€Å"of the Western World† leads the way into Synge’s theme of Irish mythmaking, then still especially noticeable in unsophisticated peasant groups. With the inclusion of this phrase, the myth of the playboy encompasses the whole world. We will write a custom essay sample on Playboy of the Western World or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mythmaking deviates from reality, as is made clear by the stretch of the title: Irish village game championship can’t possibly trump an entire world of athletes. Synge isn’t discussing a universal theme but rather exposing a particularly Irish theme, that of mythmaking. The play opened in January of 1907 at Yeats’s Irish Literary Theatre to outraged indignation and riots but over the course of the twentieth century has gained ever greater currency among critics. Had Yeats not held a public debate on the concept of artistic freedom, The Playboy may have died an ignoble death. As it happens, though, the play has by later critics been called â€Å"the most rich and copious store of character since Shakespeare’’ (P. P. Howe) and a play â€Å"riotous with the quick rush of life, a tempest of the passions† (Charles A. Bennett). These seem to be the reasons that The Playboy of the Western World has current appeal. Whereas original audiences cared about morality and decorous representations of peoples and countries, the increasing and ever increasing reach for realism, ethnic diversity and authentic representations has brought The Playboy into vogue because it was the avant garde and the precursor of what is presently valued and sought after: unveiled realism. Incidentally, one might argue that this unveiled realism, which is the idol of the present milieu, has been carried so far that â€Å"realism† is now a fancy in that it is a reality beyond reality and that it carries such clout that it is creating new reality (of questionable benefit) in its wake, which is a divergent reality from the realism that Synge depicted after living with, studying and capturing in three acts the cultural and psychological realities on the Aran Islands, from which he derived The Playboy of the Western World. How to cite Playboy of the Western World, Essay examples

Prepare and Monitor Budget-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Research and prepare the 2 different Operational Plans and Budget Information Plans for a restaurant/cafe. The term "Operational pPan" can be interpreted as any plan that may be required to support day-to-day workplace operations. Answer: Operational plan I for a Restaurant Business The staff of the restaurant is to be divided into two shifts and the workforce should be divided equally according to their skills. Shift 1 - Comprising of 12 members that include 6 waiters, 4 cooks, 1 Receptionist and 1 Manager, 1 cleaning staff (Shift timing Morning 10 am 4 pm) Shift 2 - Comprising of 12 members that include 6 waiters, 4 cooks, 1 Receptionist and 1 Manager. 1 cleaning staff (4 pm 10 pm) The table, sheets, and the room should be cleaned each and every day so that they look clean and tidy. The cleaning staff should clean the toilet twice every day (Altinay, Paraskevas, and Jang, 2015). The receptionist should see that there is change in the billing counter. The kitchen staff should see that the kitchen stays clean and all the materials are available or not. If there is a shortage of a particular material then it is to be made known to the manager. The manager is responsible for the smooth functioning of the restaurant. It is the duty of the manager to solve any problem that may arise and also to see that each and every member carries out their respective duties properly (Ward, 2016). Waiter should see that the customer are provided with best service possible as they play a great role as getting into direct contact with the customer. They need to provide swift services in the best possible way. All the members should come one hour early to get the briefing of the day. The restaurant wants to increase their sale by 10% so the waiter should try to up sell the products (Berthelsen et al, 2014). Budget Information Plan - 1 Long term cost Staff Salary: $ 20000 Food: $ 45000 Drinks: $ 50000 Supplies: $60000 Short Term Cost Marketing/Advertising: Communications: $ 30000 Professional Fees: $ 20000 Office Operations: $ 40000 Management Salaries/Wages and the Associated Benefits Overhead Cost Electricity Bill: $ 60000 Telephone Bill: $50000 Cost of equipments Mixer Grinder: $10000 Juicer: $15000 Oven: $20000 Coffee Machine: $ 25000 Operational plan II for a Restaurant Business There should be only one shift that is to be maintained the staff members should work from 10 am in the morning and till 10 pm in the right. The briefings for all the members are to be done by the manager each and every day. The cleaning staff will see that everything including kitchen is clean. Proper cleaning is to be done (Blay-Palmer and Knezevic, 2015). It is the duty of the manager to see that all the duties are to be performed by the members. Any problem that may arise by their respective person, who is responsible for that particular situation. The kitchen staff should do the procurement for any kind of kitchen stock or raw materials. The waiter should see that the ambience should be maintained properly. Manager will not be responsible arising and any such problem is to be solved by the respectable person in relation to that particular work (Cokins, 2017). The restaurant wants to establish itself as the best Chinese restaurant in the town as they have good chief for Chinese food. So more focus should be given on it Budget Information Plan 2 Fixed Cost Rent: $100000 Salary of employees: $70000 Purchase of materials: $ 30000 Variable Cost Purchase of equipment: $40000 Advertisement: $ 10000 Renovation: $ 15000 Miscellaneous Cost Loss of items: $5000 Wastages: $5000 Time cost Waste of time: $ 5000 Ramifications of their budget modifications To create a budget is very important as it gives us an idea about what are the total expenses that can be incurred. The budget may not exactly match with the reality but they give us a fair idea what amount of expenses will be faced by us. The budget is created by taking the previous year expenses keeping in mind. The expense that is incurred previous financial year gives us a fair idea about how much budget is to be calculated this year. In order to modify a budget there are many factors that are needed to be considered. We need to consult the budget of the previous year and accordingly formulate the budget. It is hard to understand what are the factors that will play a role in the budget and what changes are to be made from the budget of the previous year (Dai et al, 2014). Allocation of funds as outlined in the budget Budgeting is a very sensitive thing, it is a calculated assumption, so we cant be one hundred percent sure about the budget but we need to go as close as possible. Every year the amount of expenses changes and accordingly the changes are to be made in the budget. What are the factors that will change is hard to understand and predict. Through budgeting we try to go as near as possible to the exact expenses. The Funds that is being allocated for a particular set of things are to be allotted accordingly keeping it as same as possible. If there is an extreme need to change the amount that is allotted in the budget is to be changed as minimal as possible. It is to be kept in mind that budget is a whole plan or framework upon which the business function of the whole financial year will be based and it is made keeping many factors in mind. So if we make massive change in the budget, in that case it may have negative effect on the business (Dewe, 2016). Promote awareness of the importance of budget control and how to keep the colleagues and stakeholders informed of the budget The stake holders are to be informed about the budget of the organization, so that they have a fair idea about the companys act and so that they can act accordingly. This will help them aligning with the budget and they will also have an idea about how much the company is willing to invest on what and act accordingly (Trishkina, 2014). The resources are to be divided under some categories according to their expenses. There are some resources upon which the expenses are regular in nature and there are some expenses which are not that frequent. There are also some expenses that happen in an organization which occurs at by-chance. These expenses are categorized and each category is then allotted with a budget and then this budget is divided amongst the expenses (Van der Wagen and Goonetilleke,2015) Maintain all records of resource allocation The budget built a frame work of how the company and its stake holders will function and this also gives a guideline of how far the company is willing to bend in terms of expenses and what are its limitation. Budgeting is a very important factor in terms of functioning of the company. Without the help of the budget it will be extremely difficult for the company and its stake holders to function. So the budget is to be given outmost respect and maintained strict as much as possible and if the rules are to be bend in that case it is to be seen whether it is good for the organization or no, so that there is no negative effect to the organization (Vincent et al , 2014). References Altinay, L., Paraskevas, A. and Jang, S.S., 2015.Planning research in hospitality and tourism. Routledge. Berthelsen, R.M., Barkley, W.C., Oliver, P.M., McLymont, V. and Puckett, R., 2014. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Revised 2014 standards of professional performance for registered dietitian nutritionists in management of food and nutrition systems.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics,114(7), pp.1104-1112. Blay-Palmer, A. and Knezevic, I., 2015. 22. Building sustainable communities through alternative food systems.Handbook on the Globalisation of Agriculture, p.446. Cokins, G., 2017.Strategic business management: From planning to performance. John Wiley Sons. Dai, J., Jiang, W., Liu, G., Xu, J., Zhao, L. and Liu, A., 2014, June. Rating Aware Route Planning in Road Networks. InInternational Conference on Web-Age Information Management(pp. 223-235). Springer, Cham. Dewe, M., 2016.Planning public library buildings: Concepts and issues for the librarian. Routledge. Trishkina, O., 2014. Marketing plan for company X. Van der Wagen, L. and Goonetilleke, A., 2015.Hospitality Management, Strategy and Operations. Pearson Higher Education AU. Vincent, K., Dougill, A.J., Dixon, J., Stringer, L.C., Cull, T., Mkwambisi, D.D. and Chanika, D., 2014. Actual and potential weather and climate information needs for development planning in Malawi: Results of a Future Climate for Africa pilot case study.Future climate for Africa pilot case studies. Retrieved from https://cdkn. org/resource/climate-information-decision-making-malawi. Ward, J., 2016.Keeping the family business healthy: How to plan for continuing growth, profitability, and family leadership. Springer.

A Brief History of the Tampon and Who Invented It

A Brief History of the Tampon and Who Invented It The first tampons were made using a wide variety of materials found in nature. The prevailing thought seemed to be that if it was absorbent, chances are that it would work as a tampon.   Tampons First Appeared in Ancient Egypt For instance, the earliest historical evidence of tampon use can be found in ancient Egyptian medical records that described tampons comprised of material derived from the papyrus plant. In the fifth century B.C., Greek women fashioned their protection by wrapping lint around a small piece of wood, according to writings of Hippocrates, a physician considered to be the father of western medicine. The Romans, meanwhile, used wool. Other materials have included paper, vegetable fibers, sponges, grass and cotton.   But it wasn’t until 1929 that a physician named Dr. Earle Haas patented and invented the modern-day tampon (with applicator). He came up with the idea during a trip to California, where a friend told him how she was able to improvise a more comfortable and effective alternative to the commonly used and bulky external pads by simply inserting a piece of sponge on the inside, rather than outside. At the time, doctors were using plugs of cotton to staunch  secretions and so he suspected a compressed form of cotton would absorb just as well.   After a bit of experimenting, he settled on a design that featured a tightly bound strip of absorbent cotton attached to a string to  allow for easy removal. To keep the tampon clean, the cotton came with an applicator tube that extended to push the cotton into place without the user having to touch it. Tampax and o.b.: Two Brands With Longevity Haas filed for his first tampon patent on November 19, 1931, and originally described it as  a catamenial device, a term derived from the Greek word for monthly. The product name â€Å"Tampax,† which originated from â€Å"tampon† and â€Å"vaginal packs,† was also trademarked and later sold to  businesswoman Gertrude Tendrich  for $32,000. She  would go on to form the Tampax company and begin mass production. Within a few years, the Tampax arrived on store shelves and by 1949 appeared in more than 50 magazines.   Another similar and popular type of disposable tampon is the o.b. Tampon. Invented by German gynecologist Dr. Judith Esser-Mittag in the 1940s, the o.b. Tampon was marketed as a â€Å"smarter† alternative to applicator tampons by emphasizing greater comfort and doing away with the need for an applicator. The tampon comes in the shape of a compressed, insertable pad designed to expand in all directions for better coverage and also features a concave tip so that a finger can be used to push it snugly into place.   In the late 1940s, Esser-Mittag partnered with another physician named  Dr. Carl Hahn to start a company and market the o.b. Tampon, which stands for one binde or without napkins in German. The company was later sold to American conglomerate Johnson Johnson.   One major selling point the company touts on its website is the fact that a non-applicator tampon can be more environmentally friendly. How so? Johnson Johnson states that 90% of the raw materials that go into o.b. tampons come from renewable resources.

American Woman Suffrage Association

American Woman Suffrage Association Founded: November 1869 Preceded by: American Equal Rights Association (split between American Woman Suffrage Association and National Woman Suffrage Association) Succeeded by: National American Woman Suffrage Association (merger) Key figures: Lucy Stone, Julia Ward Howe, Henry Blackwell, Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin, T. W. Higginson, Wendell Phillips, Caroline Severance, Mary Livermore, Myra Bradwell Key characteristics (especially in contrast to the National Woman Suffrage Association): Supported passing the 15th Amendment (giving the vote to black men) even if women were explicitly excludedFocused on the vote for women and largely ignored other womens rights issuesSupported winning woman suffrage state by state with only occasional pressure for a federal constitutional amendmentSupported the Republican PartyStructure was a delegate systemMen could and did join as full members and serve as officersThe larger of the two organizationsConsidered the more conservative of the two organizationsOpposed more militant or confrontational strategies Publication: The Womans Journal Headquartered in: Boston Also known as: AWSA, the American About the American Woman Suffrage Association The American Woman Suffrage Association was formed in November of 1869, as the American Equal Rights Association fell apart over debate on the passage of the 14th amendment and 15th amendment to the United States constitution at the end of the American Civil War. In 1868, the 14th amendment was ratified, including the word male in the constitution for the first time. Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton believed that the Republican Party and abolitionists had betrayed women by excluding them from the 14th and 15th amendments, extending the vote only to black men. Others, including Lucy Stone, Julia Ward Howe, T. W. Higginson, Henry Blackwell and Wendell Phillips, favored supporting the amendments, fearing they would not pass if women were included. Stanton and Anthony began publishing a paper, The Revolution, in January 1868, and often expressed their sense of betrayal at former allies who were willing to set aside womens rights. In November of 1868, the Womens Rights Convention in Boston had led some participants to form the New England Woman Suffrage Association. Lucy Stone, Henry Blackwell, Isabella Beecher Hooker, Julia Ward Howe and T. W. Higginson were the founders of the the NEWSA. The organization tended to support Republicans and the black vote. As Frederick Douglass said in a speech at the first convention of the NEWSA, the cause of the negro was more pressing than that of womans. The following year, Stanton and Anthony and some supporters split from the American Equal Rights Association, forming the National Woman Suffrage Association - two days after the May 1869 convention of the AERA. The American Woman Suffrage Association focused on the issue of woman suffrage, to the exclusion of other issues. The publication The Womans Journal was founded in January, 1870, with editors Lucy Stone and Henry Blackwell, assisted by Mary Livermore in the early years, by Julia Ward Howe in the 1870s, and then by Stone and Blackwells daughter, Alice Stone Blackwell. The 15th amendment became law in 1870, prohibiting the denial of the right to vote based on a citizens race, color, or previous condition of servitude. No state had yet passed any woman suffrage laws. In 1869 both Wyoming Territory and Utah Territory had given women the right to vote, though in Utah, women were not given the right to hold office, and the vote was taken away by a federal law in 1887. The American Woman Suffrage Association worked for suffrage state by state, with occasional support for federal action. In 1878, a woman suffrage amendment was introduced into the United States Constitution, and soundly defeated in Congress. Meanwhile, the NWSA also began to focus more on state by state suffrage referenda. In October, 1887, frustrated by the lack of progress and the weakening of the suffrage movement by its split between two factions, and noting that their strategies had become more similar, Lucy Stone proposed at an AWSA convention that the AWSA approach the NWSA about a merger. Lucy Stone, Susan B. Anthony, Alice Stone Blackwell and Rachel Foster met in December, and soon the two organizations established committees to negotiate a merger. In 1890, the American Woman Suffrage Association merged with the National Woman Suffrage Association, forming the National American Woman Suffrage Association. Elizabeth Cady Stanton became the new organizations president (largely a figurehead position as she then went on a two-year trip to England), Susan B. Anthony became the vice president (and, in Stantons absence, acting president), and Lucy Stone, who was ailing at the time of the merger, became head of the Executive Committee.