Development Of A Child s Social And Emotional Development

Within the area of child development there have been many scientific studies which have formed our understanding of children’s social and emotional development, within this essay I am going to look at some of the theses developmental theories and how they have impacted modern day society in understanding the development of a child’s social and emotional development. Development is the pattern of change that begins at conception and continues through the lifespan (Santrock, 2008, p.5) Emotional development is the development of a child’s expression, understanding, and how they regulate their emotions from birth through late adolescence. Piaget is one of the first people to look at developmental theory and through her theoretical developments, the foundation for modern day developmental theory was laid. The Key concepts of Piaget’s theory are vital in understanding many of the contemporary developmental theories today. One of the key theoretical concepts developed by Piaget is adaptation ‘adapting to the world through assimilation and accommodation (Atherton, 2010).’ adaptation is crucial to theoretical concepts of development, it states that each child passes through various stages of development in which a child has to adapt to individual changes in their social environment, psychological development and personal development. For example an example of accommodating is, a child learns to grasp a new object in a different way, or learns that the new object should not beShow MoreRelatedChild s Social Emotional Development1427 Words   |  6 PagesSocial-emotional development is a child’s ability to understand the feelings of others, control their own feelings and behaviors, and get along with other infants. In order for children to reach the basic skills that they need such as teamwork, following directions and demonstrating self-control, they must have social-emotional skills. Feelings of trust, confidence, friendship and affection are all a part of a child’s social-emotional development. A child s positive relationship with trusting andRead MoreSupport The Positive Parenting Of A Child s Physical, Cognitive And Social Emotional Learning Development2812 Words   |  12 Pagesinclude a strength based approach to support the positive parenting in respect of a child s physical, cognitive and social emotional learning development. The first two years of any child s life are the most critical and important when it comes to their personal development when growing up. They are essential to the cognitive, physical, social and emotional development. Many theorists have suggested that is a child is brought up where their developmental needs are not being met from either circumstancesRead MoreThe Social And Emotional Development Essay1108 Words   |  5 Pagesfor both child and parents/caregiver to develop because of social and emotional need. A child’s emotional and social development has significant impact for the social function of a child throughout their lives, education, friendships and employment. Research show that a child with no social and emotional development are at very high risk of having poor relationships with peers, academic problems and can lead them into poor decision in life and crime. Many researches show the key to social and emotionalRead MoreThe Importance Of Resilience For Childrens Wellbeing And Development1627 Words   |  7 Pagesgreater skill levels, increased employment prospects, and increased emotional wellbeing (Challen, et al., 2011; Friedli, 2009; Gutman Schoon, 2013; Hammond Feinstein, 2006). In light of this evidence, it is important for EYFS settings to build resilience in young children. The EYFS recognises the importance of resilience in aiding children’s wellbeing and development be regarding every child is a ‘unique child’, and a child who is continually learning and is able to be ‘resilient, capable, confidentRead MoreVygotsky s Theory Of Identity Development Essay1570 Words   |  7 PagesSocial development is one of the most significant aspects of a childs life, for they can not live with out social interaction, the moment they are born they are being interacted with, typically social development happens to everyone throughout their life, with the rare cases of adults becoming hermits, there is no escape from developing socially to fit in with those around you, or to stand out. works along side emotional development as how we develop socially affects our emotions and the emotionsRead MoreThe Principles, Sequences And Stages Of A Child s Growth And Development1284 Words   |  6 Pagesstages of a child s growth and development. This includes Social development, Physical Development, Intellectual development and communication development. Physical development outlines the basic body changes which you begin to develop such as fine motor skills, which is like writing and so on. This also includes social development, where you will meet new people everyday and interact with them, and become more involved in the relationships you will share with others. Emotional development where youRead MoreHow Does Attachment Influence The Social And Emotional Development Of The Child? Essay1378 Words   |  6 Pagesthe social and emotional development of the child? A child’s social and emotional development has significant implications for the social functioning of a child throughout their lives, in their education, friendships and employment. A child with poor or social and emotional development are at risk of experiencing poor relationships with peers, academic problems and can lead them into involvement in unsociable activities or crime. Research suggests the key to social and emotional development liesRead MoreDevelopmental Skills : Childhood And Social Emotional Development Essay1530 Words   |  7 PagesSkills Domain in Early Childhood Social-Emotional Behavior. Social-emotional development includes the child’s experience, expression, and management of emotions and the ability to establish positive and rewarding relationships with others (Cohen and others 2005). It encompasses both intra- and interpersonal processes. The core features of emotional development include the ability to identify and understand one’s own feelings, to accurately read and comprehend emotional states in others, to manage strongRead MoreChildhood: The Happiest Time of a Persons Life, or Not?877 Words   |  4 Pagesof the operation, development, and disorders of human mental processes. In simple words it is the science of human thinking and behavior. The word psychology originated from the ancient Greek words â€Å"psyche† which means soul and â€Å"logos† which means science. (etymonline.com, n.d.) It literally means the science of the soul. Psychology has diverse disciplines which are closely related to all aspects of life, and look at humans as a whole unit. Sociology is the science of social life components ofRead More Development of a Four Year Old Child Essays589 Words   |  3 PagesDevelopment of a Four Year Old Child Works Cited Not Included Enthusiasm in children is like a ripple in the water ... it spreads. ~Anonymous~ The study of child development helps us understand the changes we see as children grow and develop. A child?s development is divided into five areas: physical, emotional, cognitive, social, and moral development (Mitchell and David 1992). Although each area will be discussed separately, it is important to remember that all these areas

The Epic Of Gilgamesh And Gilgamesh - 1422 Words

In the Epic of Gilgamesh there are many notable relationships but the relationship between Gilgamesh and Enkidu is hands down the most noteworthy. When analyzing the relationship of Gilgamesh and Enkidu there are many factors that go into play. It is really the sole foundation of the whole Sumerian epic and it really changes the whole personality of Gilgamesh. In order to get a better understanding of how the two characters complement each other we have to first break down their individual appearances and characteristics. After that is made clear then it is more appropriate to begin to analyze their relationship which in time turns out to be a relationship for the ages. Gilgamesh like many other mythological heroes was fortunate enough to be made up of two parts, part man and part god. Of all of the men in his land he was the greatest and before he met Enkidu he used that to his advantage in both positive and negative ways. He was the most ferocious warrior and the most creative arch itect they had ever seen. Before the arrival of his better half, Gilgamesh used to force hard labor upon his people, rape his women, and selfishly indulge his appetite. With that being said you can pretty see with a clear eye view that before Enkidu’s arrival, Gilgamesh was not that easy to like. Enkidu on the other hand is described as being a hairy chested and brawny man. He was made from clay by Aruru, who is the goddess of creation. He was indeed created to take away all of the arroganceShow MoreRelatedGilgamesh And The Epic Of Gilgamesh988 Words   |  4 PagesThe maturation of Gilgamesh and his desire to acquire wisdom throughout his journey is quite apparent. By overcoming difficulties such as upholding Uruk, becoming friends with Enkidu, and various other scenarios, Gilgamesh proves that he did in fact grow up throughout the epic. As the epic starts, Gilgamesh is portrayed as a self-centered, self-admiring leader who believes that he is the only individual that can lead the city of Uruk. Gilgamesh believes that he is a god-like figure and often refersRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh : Gilgamesh1013 Words   |  5 Pages Gilgamesh in 2015 Even though the epic Gilgamesh is thousands of years old, it is still read today. Why would the era of technology read an epic this old? This is because the themes in Gilgamesh are still relevant. In addition, the themes are experiences that Gilgamesh went through in his life period, and serve as lessons for the current readers. Gilgamesh’s themes include journey, legacy, love, and death. These themes make Gilgamesh a vital reading for the 21st century citizens because peopleRead MoreGilgamesh : The Epic Of Gilgamesh1194 Words   |  5 Pages The Epic of Gilgamesh is a Mesopotamian epic poem loosely based on a real king who ruled sometime around 2700 BCE. The standard version of this epic was written in the Akkadian language. In this epic poem, Gilgamesh is King of Uruk, he is one third mortal and two-thirds god; he is described as a strong, arrogant, and unruly king that does not show much consideration for his actions. Gilgamesh is a very egocentric person; he has no res pect for the feelings of others and does not care about howRead MoreGilgamesh : The Epic Of Gilgamesh876 Words   |  4 PagesIn The Epic of Gilgamesh a young man meets and befriends a wild man named Enkidu. Enkidu, once a man who lived among animals, became civilized after having sex with a female. From this point on Gilgamesh and Enkidu’s relationship start, but shortly into the novel Enkidu becomes sick and dies. This is the start to Gilgamesh journey in attempting to avoid death by seeking immortality. In his quest Gilgamesh meets several people all who assign different routes to the next person he should speak to.Read MoreGilgamesh : The Epic Of Gilgamesh909 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Epic of Gilgamesh† is a didactic story set out to expose the inevitability of death. The true meaning of this story is sometimes overlooked because the story is told in heighten language not easily understood. The epic hero in this story is Gilgamesh; he undertakes a quest for knowledge which is overshadowed by his ignorance. The tragic death of Enkidu, Gilgamesh’s trusted companion forces the epic hero to change his perception of death. To overcome great obstacles one must be willing to putRead MoreGilgamesh The Epic Of Gilgamesh877 Words   |  4 PagesThe Epic of Gilgamesh the lines that are repeated at the beginning and end of the epic show that only immortality a human can gain lies in creating things that last beyond a person’s lifetime. While at the beginning of the epic Gilgamesh is seeking eternal life, when he concludes his journey he realizes that he has created an enduring legend through the foundation of his city, Uruk. Through this legend, Gilgamesh can live on in the memory of his people, long after he has passed away. The epic is ableRead MoreGilgamesh : The Epic Of Gilgamesh1400 Words   |  6 Pages The Epic of Gilgamesh Introduction The Epic of Gilgamesh is the story about Gilgamesh, the King of Uruk and Enkidu, their friendship, how Enkidu dies, how Gilgamesh mourns the death of his friend and finally he understands enlightened truth . Most of this story is narrated from Gilgamesh’s point of view. The story is set in Mesopotamia and the portrayal of Gilgamesh is ironical. He is described as a king of immense vigor and strength who is not benevolent with his subjectsRead MoreGilgamesh : The Epic Of Gilgamesh2225 Words   |  9 PagesEpic of Gilgamesh In the Epic of Gilgamesh, Gilgamesh became a hero and Enkidu helped Gilgamesh grow and develop as a person, a leader, and a hero. Heroism is a major theme of this story. Gilgamesh also overcame the obstacle of his best friend dying and persevering when he had no other choice but to give up. The Epic of Gilgamesh was a story about a leader named Gilgamesh. Gilgamesh ruled the city of Uruk and along the way, he learned how to become a better leader. During this time, the gods createRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And Gilgamesh Essay2053 Words   |  9 PagesWhile the women in the Epic of Gilgamesh may not be the primary focus of the epic, which instead recounts more of Gilgamesh’s own trials and travails, they still play quite vital roles in their interactions with both Enkidu and Gilgamesh. Women such as Shamhat, Ninsun, and Ishtar in The Epic of Gilgamesh are often portrayed with a particular emphasis on their intrinsic connections to civilization—and in the case of Shamhat and Ninsun, in terms of their motherly characteristics as well—which servesRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh By Gilgamesh1476 Words   |  6 PagesThe Epic of Gilgamesh was the earliest surviving written epic that told story of Gilgamesh king of Uruk that was the world first cities that was built along the Tigris and Euphrates River 5,000 years ago. Aruru created the human race, Enkidu and a wild man who roamed the pasture like a gazelle. The epic of Gilgamesh goddesses and scared harlots wild men who cavort in the fields with the gazelles kings who are descended from gods. The Urban Revolution was recognize the elements of our own world by

Happiness Can Be Found in Unlikely Places free essay sample

Found in Unlikely Circumstances About a year ago, myself and a couple friends took a semester off school, went to South Africa for a vacation and for a chance to see a different part of the world. We set out for four months; three of those months we spent traveling up and down the garden route and the east coast and midway through our trip, we stopped at a hostel called, â€Å"Coffee Shack. † It was very laid back and relaxing hostel; there were many people there every night and the ocean was so close to the tepee we were living in, we were practically swimming. Every morning we would wake up to the sound of the waves crashing on the shore and the enormous African sun that hovered over our heads. One morning, we decided to go out with some of the guests from the hostel for a hike along the hills by the seashore. We will write a custom essay sample on Happiness Can Be Found in Unlikely Places or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These hills were covered in thick blades of grass but had rock faces that were pointed out towards the water. If you looked to your left you’d see these hills go for miles; mound after mound, circular shaped huts with cone shaped roofs sitting on top. African trees as well, looking as if the wind was blowing all the branches to one side of the trunk but they stood absolutely still; frozen in time. To your right you’d see the ocean go out for as far as you can see, while standing on a cliff with an almost vertical drop. From looking at the cliffs from the sides, it showed the many trails descending down the cliffs made by mountain goats and every once and a while you could see one half way down; climbing up. Although our surroundings were incredible, the heat was as well. We went through several bottles of water through-out the hike. Our leader, an African local, lead us down one of the more climbable hills to the ocean floor where it was covered in rock. With the sun beating down on us we felt trapped because we couldn’t swim in the water, the waves were too strong we’d be thrown up against the rocks. We carried on through this frying pan for another couple of minutes until our leader stopped the group. He lead us to this crack in the wall on the side of the cliff which was about six feet tall and about a foot or so wide; barely big enough for someone to squeeze through. We all stood there, as warm as ever, wondering what he had brought us too. He then told us we could go inside in groups of four; lucky for us, my friends and I were in the first group. We felt like eggs being boiled on concrete before squeezing through the crack in the wall and going into the cave; shaded from the sun. The four of us stood there; it was absolutely pitch black; we couldn’t see a thing, but as pointless as it seemed, it felt great to get out of the sun even for a couple of seconds. Our leader came in and explained to us that every night, when the tide comes in, this cave gets mostly filled up with water and when the tide goes down it leaves some behind that serves like a pool. He handed my friend a flashlight and he turned it on. The complete darkness we were looking into immediately vanished and a small little body of water appeared. We all looked at each other; I could tell by the expression on my friend, Jake’s face that he was thanking the heavens. We then, one by one, crammed into this Jacuzzi sized pool and let out sighs of relief. The cooling sensation was indescribable. It was easily the most satisfying and refreshing experience I’ve ever had on a hike.

The Coffee Club

Question: Describe about the Coffee Club? Answer: Introduction Coffee club, located right at the heart of the city has always been one of the favourite hangouts since I was a teenager. One could spot children of all age groups in red, blue, brown, yellow uniforms from different schools of the town, enjoying a cappuccino or Assam tea or chocolate fudge cream coffee with their friends. It was report card day in my school and all my friends and I decided to meet here on the pre decided time (Dlbrown-inc.com, 2015). It was not just the ambience with huge palm trees and amazing garden right in the centre of the club but also the mini brochures full of offers and interesting jokes and riddles which the coffee club guys used to provide at your table, seconds after you take the seat that drove us all there like small pieces of magnets clinging to a huge ball of iron. Red roses for girls and strawberry shake for boys I have always been a very very lazy person when it comes to reading. Now reading could be reading anything. Anything means anything under the sun, like my course books, story books (however interesting it might have been). I dont not remember if I have properly read any of the letters which my grandparents so fondly used to send to me along with the gifts (TRIP LEE, 2012). Conclusion I used to unwrap the gits quickly without ever caring to read the sentimental letters they wrote for me. But one afternoon while enjoying my club sandwich and green tea at the Coffee club an incident happened which changed my perception for a lifetime. I drove home a lesson that words are indeed more powerful than swords! References TRIP LEE, (2012). Importance of Words TRIP LEE. [online] Available at: https://builttobrag.com/importance-of-words/ [Accessed 10 Feb. 2015]. Dlbrown-inc.com, (2015). The Importance of Words | The Power of Words. [online] Available at: https://www.dlbrown-inc.com/?page_id=94 [Accessed 10 Feb. 2015].

Marketing Planning Strategy Nestle Essay Example

Marketing Planning Strategy Nestle Essay BHO3435: MARKETING PLANNING STRATEGY INTRODUCTION TO STRATEGIC MARKETING PLAN: ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS Prepared by: Sarah Aljenfawi Bashayer S. Kout Fatimah Rawan Membership of Reporting Body: – Environmental Analysis – Market Customer Analysis – Competitive Analysis – Internal Analysis 1. Membership of Reporting Body: In response to the assessment our group has mutually agreed to investigate the strategic operations of the Boost Juice. The team is composed of four members. Each member has been allocated a specific scope to investigate further as listed below: †¢ Environmental Analysis: Market Customer Analysis: †¢ Competitive Analysis: †¢ Internal Analysis: 2. Aim of Report: 3. Background and Context: I. Brief Description of Industry: Nestle is a multinational company based in Switzerland. Nestle operates in food industry. In 1905, Nestle was formed as a result of a merger between a Swiss and English company which was established in 1866. Initially, Nestle started to offer condensed milk formula and milk related products to customers (Nestle, 2013). Later on, it expanded its offerings to other food related items. Gradually, Nestle grew and made significant success stories. In the First World War and also in Second World War, Nestle expanded its products to other countries. The company produces snack and health related products. The head quarter of Nestle is in Vevey. In terms of revenues, Nestle is the largest food company of the world. The objectives of Nestle are to become leader in Health and Wellness and nutrition. In addition to this, the company also aims to be trusted by other stakeholders regarding its business and financial performance. Nestle offers wide range of products and services. The portfolio of company covers all categories of food and beverages industry. The aim of Nestle is to provide healthy eating and drinking experience to customers so that they can enjoy every stage of their life. In 2010, Nestle offered a Nestle Cocoa Plan which aimed at provision of 38 plantlets to farmers to help them to rejuvenate productivity of their farms. In 2011, Nestle became the first company which made a partnership with Fair Labor Association (Nestle, 2013). We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Planning Strategy Nestle specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Planning Strategy Nestle specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Planning Strategy Nestle specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Through this partnership, Nestle helped to investigate child labor practices in the cocoa farms which supply raw materials in its factories. II. Brief Description of Company: The industry analysis of food and beverages suggests that there will be significant growth in future. The global food and beverages industry composes different sectors which include food production, distribution, marketing, retailing and catering. Since 2009, global food and beverages industry has surpassed the total value of $5. trillion. In the economic growth of every country, this industry is one of the significant contributors. It is expected that by 2014, global food and beverages industry will grow at the rate of 3. 5% and will achieve value of $7 trillion (Business Vibes, 2013). In 2008, food product sector had value of $3. 2 trillion. This industry included agriculture sector products. It is expected that by the end of 2013, the value of this sector will reach to $4 trillion (Business Vibes, 2013). The beverages sector of global food and beverages industry consisted products such as soft drinks, spirits, ciders, beers and wines. This industry accounted for $1. 4 trillion in 2008. It is expected that by the end of 2013, this industry will reach at $1. 6 trillion. This generates a growth rate of 2. 6% in beverages sector (Business Vibes, 2013). The growth trends in global food and beverages industry suggest that there is great opportunity of further investment in this industry. This growth rate is also reflected in the consuming power of customers. New companies can achieve substantial share from market in this growth phase period of global food and beverages industry. On the other hand, existing firms in global food and beverages industry can also expand their businesses. III. Key trends affecting the industry According to Nestle’s annual report for the year 2010, it has shown that several trends have occurred and caused a major impact on the food industry in general and Nestle in particular. Whereas, the recession that has happened in the year 2009 has caused a major decline in the economic growth for almost all of the businesses and especially in Nestle, which also has led to an increase in the unemployment rate. Therefore, the company’s economic environment has continued to be ambiguous in the year 2010, and that would basically has led to an inflation period regarding the business’s raw materials, as well as currency instability in the mentioned year. (Consolidated Financial Statements, 2010) Although the world’s economic crisis presence in the year 2009, however, Nestle has experienced its strongest growth by the final quarter of that year, and that mainly gave Nestle a great opportunity to enter the industry with their maximum power. Furthermore, with the company being motivated and be able to perform with its best has remained consistent throughout the year, even in the end of the year 2010 when almost all of the businesses were suffering and trying to recover from the world economic crisis. Thus, Nestle has entered the year 2011 with great energy and was able to put themselves together and perform with their best, As Nestle has stated: â€Å"this will help us to manage the challenges? that we face and to take full advantage of our opportunities to drive? better performance and enhance shareholder value. † (Consolidated Financial Statements, 2010). IV. Key industry success factors â€Å"Key success factors have a share in enabling a company to differentiate itself from its competitors and to offer a ‘unique selling proposition’ to customers or consumers†. Batra, Myers and Aaker 1996; Ketelhohn 1998). 4. Statement of problem to be investigated References Nestle, 2013. History. Available at: http://www. nestle. com/aboutus/history Assessed on 17th March, 2013 Business Vibes, 2013. Available at: http://www. businessvibes. com/blog/facts-and-figures-global-food-and-beverage-industry Assessed on 17th March, 2013 Batra, R, J G Myers and D A Aaker (19 96), Advertising Management. 5th ed. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall

Sample Comparison Essay

Sample Comparison EssayIn order to write a well-written sample comparison essay, you'll need to be able to work with a sample comparison essay PDF. You should first understand how the process works before you begin using it. There are two different ways that a reader can view a PDF.They may view the same document from your own version or a different one. If you want a reference to make sure your material is accurate, go to your original essay and read through the passage in question. You can also view the PDF on your computer for ease of reference. If you're looking for a professional-looking version, you can purchase a printable version that will look identical to your original essay.How do you know that the formatting is up to date? If you read through the entire essay before using the PDF, your reader should be able to make out small copy for important sections. Sometimes the paper will have many small copy marks, especially in the middle. This means that some of the information o n the paper is outdated.You should also check for information in brackets or other syntax irregularities. In fact, if you spot any of these items, you should not only disregard it but should also go back and proofread it before submitting it. Of course, it's possible that you might not even notice anything because you've already read this document numerous times. But if you notice any change in the formatting, you should go back and correct the problem.It's also possible that you read through the original paper and noticed something that you didn't realize was changed. If you happen to come across any of these changes, look to see if the changes are minor or major. If they are both, you should read through the entire document. If you see changes that don't affect the material, you can add them back in at a later time.You should also make sure that the main point of the comparison sample essay is not changed. If you need to add a new point, make sure that you can use the same languag e. In other words, if you need to add a new lesson, add it to the beginning of the document. Then you should go back and proofread the entire document.Finally, be sure that the original paper has been accepted before you begin working on your sample comparison essay. You should ask the school if they'll send the original paper back to you and let you know if they accept it. If the school won't provide you with the original document, you'll need to contact the author and ask them to send you a new one.Using a sample comparison essay is a great way to ensure that your essay has an error-free, professional feel. Once you understand how to go about making your own sample comparison essay, you'll find that it becomes much easier to work with. Take your time when you're writing this document so that you can get it right the first time.

Facts and Figures About the Cave Lion

Facts and Figures About the Cave Lion The cave lion is a subspecies of lion that went extinct around 12,400 years ago. It was one of the largest subspecies of a lion to have ever lived. Scientists believe it was as much as ten percent larger than modern lions. Its often depicted in cave paintings as having some kind of collar fluff and possibly stripes. Cave Lion Basics Scientific Name:  Panthera leo spelaeaHabitat: Woodlands and mountains of EurasiaHistorical Period: Late Pleistocene-Modern (500,000-2,000 years ago)Size and Weight: Up to 7-8 feet long and 700-800 poundsDiet: MeatDistinguishing Characteristics: Large size; powerful limbs; possibly manes and stripes About the Cave Lion (Panthera Leo Spelaea) One of the most feared predators of the late Pleistocene epoch, the Cave Lion (Panthera leo spelaea) is technically classified as a subspecies of Panthera leo, the modern lion. This was discovered by a genetic sequencing of the cave lions fossil remains. Essentially, this was a plus-sized cat that roamed the vast expanse of Eurasia. It feasted on a wide array of mammalian megafauna including prehistoric horses and prehistoric elephants. The cave lion was also a voracious predator of the cave bear, Ursus spelaeus; in fact, this cat received its name not because it lived in caves, but because numerous intact skeletons have been found in Cave Bear habitats. Cave lions preyed opportunistically on hibernating cave bears, which must have seemed like a good idea until their intended victims woke up! Extinction As is the case with many prehistoric predators, its unclear why the cave lion vanished off the face of the earth about 2,000 years ago. Its possible that it was hunted to extinction by the early human settlers of Eurasia, who would have had a vested interest in banding together and eliminating any cave lions in the immediate vicinity. These same humans regarded the cave lion with reverence and awe, as evidenced by numerous cave paintings. But its more likely that the cave lion succumbed to a combination of climate change and the disappearance of its usual prey; after all, small bands of Homo sapiens could more easily over-hunt prehistoric deer, pigs, and another mammalian megafauna  than these huge, fanged predators. In October 2015, researchers in Siberia made an astonishing discovery: a group of frozen cave lion kittens, dating to about 10,000 B.C. One of them still had its fur intact. While its not uncommon for explorers to stumble across quick-frozen wooly mammoths, this is the first time a prehistoric cat has been found in permafrost. It opens up entirely new avenues of investigation into life during the late Pleistocene epoch: for instance, laboratory technicians may be able to analyze the mothers milk recently ingested by the kittens and thus discern their mothers diet. It also may be possible to recover fragments of DNA from the cave kittens soft tissues, which could, conceivably, one day facilitate the de-extinction of Panthera leo spelaea.